Waste Water Treatment

70% of the Earth surface is covered with water. But only 1% of it is fresh water that can be used by living creatures. But the 70% being talked about is also a habitat to aquatic wildlife and fisheries. So, maintenance of these water bodies is essential on our part. It is our moral responsibility to ensure that we not only work towards the purification and conservation of the 1% fresh water but also target at conserving the entire water reservoir on earth. With growing industrialization, the environment has been suffering since a long time. Be it in the form of air pollution or water pollution, we have been risking the environment for our selfish needs. But is this risk really worth enough? Can’t we do something to reduce this environmental degradation? The answer to this is a definite Yes. We surely can and should take steps to ascertain that we do not indulge in the activities that harm the environment. All major metropolitans of the world are facing a crisis because of water pollution. The industries release their wastes containing numerous minerals, salts, chemicals, solid waste and what not untreated in the water bodies. What a number of readers might not know is the harm these wastes pose on the environment. The fact is that such effluents not only harm the aquatic life including flora and fauna but also the fisheries reserve. Water is also used as a major sport. So, impure or dirty water distracts tourists affecting the economy of the tourist destination and this water can also become a breeding ground for various epidemic and endemic diseases.

To avoid all such calamities, it is essential to treat waste water before letting it out. For implementing this waste water treatment, plants have been incorporated by the industries producing waste that needs to be disposed off into water bodies. In these waste water treatment plants, initially the solid waste is filtered out including large polythene bags to tiny chemical particles. Macro-filtration and micro-filtration is done to remove the suspended solids. But still this water stays toxic. Since this decaying waste in water body restricts the flow of oxygen into the deeper layers of the aquatic life, waste water treatment also involves aerating or stirring up the infected and contaminated water to let oxygen flow back inside the water body. Under these treatment strategies, micro-organisms are also employed to remove contaminants from wastewater. Various techniques for waste water treatment are available and based upon a thorough analysis and evaluation, a suitable technique can be chosen depending upon the size of the water body and level of contamination.

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